A landmark review reveals that decades of massive federal investment—totaling trillions in taxpayer funds—have failed to deliver meaningful progress in core academic performance, as national test scores in reading and math remain stagnant or decline despite the Department of Education’s founding mission to transform student outcomes. Critics question whether the sheer scale of spending has translated into lasting educational gains, while policymakers and educators debate the effectiveness of current strategies. The findings underscore a growing divide between federal education policy and tangible results in classrooms across the country. With the debate over reform intensifying, the analysis offers a sharp look at whether the system is working—or where it may have gone wrong.


The Department of Education was established in 1980 with the promise of improving education outcomes for America’s students. $3 trillion in taxpayer dollars later, national test scores in reading, ...