A landmark review questions whether decades of massive federal investment in education—totaling trillions of dollars—has delivered on its core promise of raising student achievement. Despite the substantial funding since the Department of Education’s creation, new data reveals stagnant or declining performance in key areas like reading and math, raising concerns over the effectiveness of current policies. Critics argue that the sheer scale of spending has not translated into measurable progress for students, sparking a national debate on how best to allocate resources. The findings challenge long-held assumptions about the impact of federal education initiatives and could reshape future discussions on reform.


The Department of Education was established in 1980 with the promise of improving education outcomes for America’s students. $3 trillion in taxpayer dollars later, national test scores in reading, ...