A landmark review questions whether decades of massive federal investment in education has delivered on its core promise of raising student achievement. After allocating trillions in taxpayer funds since its founding, new data reveals stagnant—or even declining—national test scores in key subjects, prompting calls for a reckoning with how education dollars are spent. Critics argue the system’s scale and structure may have outpaced measurable progress, while supporters point to broader challenges in measuring success beyond standardized metrics. The debate comes as policymakers face growing pressure to rethink long-standing approaches to funding and accountability in K-12 education.
The Department of Education was established in 1980 with the promise of improving education outcomes for America’s students. $3 trillion in taxpayer dollars later, national test scores in reading, ...