A landmark review questions whether decades of massive federal investment in education has delivered on its core mission. Despite the allocation of trillions in taxpayer funds since the Department of Education’s creation, new data reveals stagnant—or even declining—national test scores in key subjects, raising sharp concerns about the effectiveness of current policies. Critics argue that despite billions spent, fundamental gaps in student performance persist, sparking a debate over whether the system is working as intended. The findings could reshape discussions on how best to allocate resources to improve learning outcomes.


The Department of Education was established in 1980 with the promise of improving education outcomes for America’s students. $3 trillion in taxpayer dollars later, national test scores in reading, ...